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De ce ajung in frunte cei mai rai – varianta evolutionista |
Economie |
Scris de Florin Rusu |
Marţi, 28 Iunie 2011 12:59 |
Argumentul lui Friedrich von Hayek, potrivit caruia intr-o democratie (indeosebi in cele care si-au uitat originile constitutionale) vor ajunge la putere inevitabil cei mai rai, poate fi reconstruit si cultural. Decadenta civilizatiei occidentale, dublata de aroganta pretentie de infailibilitate a stiintei moderne, intareste teoria lui Hayek, pana la un nivel la care nici macar accidental nu va putea ajunge la putere un individ/o casta mai putin rele. Ultima teorie stiintifica la moda este aceea ca ratiunea n-are de-a face cu descoperirea adevarului, ci este o arma (un rezultat al adaptarii sociale), menita a ajuta un grup sa se impuna in fata celor rivale. Teoria nu e noua, numai caracterul stiintific asimilat ei este nou. In plan filosofic si politic, varianta sa "preistorica" se regaseste in celebra formula a lui Francisc Bacon “knowledge is power”. Un articol din New York Times rezuma aceasta teorie: “reason evolved for a completely different purpose: to win arguments. Rationality, by this yardstick (and irrationality too, but we’ll get to that) is nothing more or less than a servant of the hard-wired compulsion to triumph in the debating arena. According to this view, bias, lack of logic and other supposed flaws that pollute the stream of reason are instead social adaptations that enable one group to persuade (and defeat) another. Certitude works, however sharply it may depart from the truth” Cu alte cuvinte, dat fiind caracterul “stiintific” al noii descoperiri evolutioniste, societatea actuala n-are a face decat sa arunce la gunoi descrierea pe care i-o facea John Stuart Mill, drept “marketplace for ideas”. Concurenta dintre idei, in urma careia adevarul ar urma sa triumfe, era principalul motiv pentru care era construita toleranta, libertatea presei, etc. Potrivit noii teorii, singurul scop al interactiunii sociale este acela ca un grup, cel mai adaptat, sa-si impuna ideile asupra celorlalte. Care fie le vor prelua, fie vor disparea. Vi se pare cunoscut? Consensul aproape absolut in ceea ce priveste democratia (cea mai buna dintre toate formele rele de guvernare – pana si aceasta descriere are un caracter evolutionist), corectitudinea politica, politica externa occidentala, welfare state, etc este rezultatul acestei lupte in care ratiunea este folosita nu ca mijloc pentru descoperirea adevarului, ci ca arma manipulatoare in mana celor mai predispusi sa foloseasca miciuna, inselaciunea, furtul, spaga pentru a pune mana pe putere. Si care, potrivit noii teorii “stiintifice” vor invinge intotdeauna. Insa constatarea acestei situatii de fapt nu este dovada veridicitatii teoriei, ci, dimpotriva, dovada ca face parte, alaturi de alte pseudo-stiinte, precum keynesismul, din categoria “self-fulfilling prophecy”. Progresistii keynesieni sustin interventia statului in economie, prin licientieri (creatoare de carteluri) si acordarea de puteri sporite sindicatelor, si invoca apoi rezultate statistice menite a demonstra rigiditatea preturilor si salariilor, pe care le pun pe seama pietei libere si nu pe seama reglementarilor pe care ei insisi le-au promovat. La fel, punerea in practica a unei teorii a ratiunii ca arma a manipularii adaptative se va autolegitima odata cu eliminarea celor care considera ca ratiunea are un alt scop: descoperirea adevarului. Daca toata lumea este manipulata prin argumente de un sofism ieftin ca ratiunea exista doar pentru a manipula, si se comporta ca atare, profetia s-a implinit. De altfel, aplicarea sa politica a fost anticipata in urma cu jumatate de secol de Frank Meyer: “If knowledge is no longer conceived as the search and the acceptance of truth – an occupation parallel to the occupation of the artist and the occupation of the saint – but the acquisition of power to control and manipulate nature and man, it logically folows that an atempt will be made to realize that conception in the political sphere” Fenomen care deja incepuse. H.L. Mencken il descria pe presedintele american Teddy Roosevelt, in opinia sa, modelul politicianului modern: “What ailed him was the fact that his lust for glory, when it came to a struggle, was always vastly more powerful than his lust for the eternal verities. Tempted sufficiently, he would sacrifice anything and everything to get applause.” Dupa mai mult de un secol de indoctrinare a populatiei cu noua teorie evolutionista a ratiunii, exprimarea adevarului si coerenta ideologica nu mai sunt asset-uri ale unui politician, ci adevarate liabilities. Carisma si capacitatea de manipulare sunt principalele calitati pentru care un politician este nominalizat la presedintie, de exemplu. Batalia ideilor s-a mutat din carti si cafenele pe micul ecran. Unde sunt trimisi de catre partide nu cei care pot sustine coerent o dezbatere de idei, ci cei care vorbesc mai tare si mai repede si care pot sa “i-o traga” adversarului. Mitocania si populismul sunt calea catre succes, nu bunul simt si adevarul. Iar folosirea masiva a mijloacelor de informare in masa de catre politicieni a inceput odata cu troika etatista: Hitler, Mussolini, Roosevelt. Primul apela la filme, ceilalti doi la discursuri radiofonice.
PS: Efectele manipularii teoriei potrivit careia ratiunea este un instrument adaptiv de manipulare si infrangere a adversarilor sunt vizibile si in economie. In secolul XIX, marile companii preferau sa se ia la tranta in tribunale cu statul reglementator in numele unor principii ca free-market sau free-trade. In secolul XX, acestea s-au birocratizat si si-au mutat resursele financiare si argumentative inspre departmanentele special create a colabora cu autoritatile reglementatoare. Activitatea de lobby nu se mai bazeaza pe argumente “sound”, bazate pe principii si adevaruri economice, ci se concentreaza pe obtinerea de avantaje competitive prin influentarea autoritatilor reglementatoare. Efectul ultim al acestor demersuri, capturarea reglementatorilor de catre marile corporatii, este ultima consecinta a teoriei evolutioniste a ratiunii drept arma de manipulare adaptativa la mediul etatist.
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